Preparation and Characterization of a Phenol-formaldehyde Resin Adhesive Obtained From Bio-ethanol Production Residue

Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins are widely used as wood adhesives in the industrial production of exterior-grade plywood panels, oriented strand board panels and particleboards due to their superior performance including high bonding strength, heat resistance, excellent water resistance and chemical stability1. However, phenol, one raw material for the synthesis of PF resins, is a petroleum-based product, and the high price of petroleum has constrained the use of PF resins for broader application in industry. In addition, chemical feedstocks based on renewable sources are becoming increasingly important as replacements for petroleum-based feedstocks2. In the reported work, we have investigated the use of renewable resources to replace phenol in PF resins.